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Keikoku
04-16-2008, 02:24 AM
So, I'm wondering if anyone can give any history to the tower?  I know that it was built for Warlord Kurn, and that Atrebe used it for experiments and created the Sarnak there, but is there anything else?  Thanks.

Cusashorn
04-16-2008, 08:34 AM
<p>I don't remember Kurn being a warlord. I thought he was the most profitable iksar merchant in thier empires existance?</p><p>Or am I confusing Kurn for Dalnir?</p><p>*Looks up the Maps of Myrist*</p><p>Since I'm in a hurry, I'll give an abridged description.</p><p>Kurns Tower was used by the Iksar Empire to torture and kill all of their most hated enemies. The tower used to be 4 stories high, but the top floor collapsed, and only 2 and a half floors are available now. Down below in the Cave of Wishes, the Burynai inhabit the underground in a temple dedicated to Innoruuk.</p><p>Kurn himself was one of Venril Sathir's most loyal subjects. He was obsessed with torture. Not wanting to fill the city with the screams and tortured cries of his enemies, he ordered the construction of the tower.</p><p>His obsessive nature lead to the tower's downfall. One night, while engaged in the torture of his most prized subject, a prisoner managed to escape to the deepest part of a dungeon and dig a tunnel to freedom. Unfortunately for both Kurn and that prisoner, he opened up a passageway to the burynai race. </p><p>They were enraged by the discovery of this tower. They felt it threatened their entire way of life. Within days, they raided the tower and quickly took it over. Kurn himself was captured, and the only thing that spared him from an execution was a burynai tribal elder who found interest in his torture devices. It would be over a year later that Kurn would eventually die from the torture. He was ressurected by that disapointed tribal elder as an undead servant. Now, the undead remnants of Kurn lurk in the innermost depths of his dungeon, existing only with the savage will to torment any that enter the confines of his chamber.</p>

DragonMaster2385
04-16-2008, 12:14 PM
<cite>Cusashorn wrote:</cite><blockquote><p>I don't remember Kurn being a warlord. I thought he was the most profitable iksar merchant in thier empires existance?</p><p>Or am I confusing Kurn for Dalnir?</p><p>*Looks up the Maps of Myrist*</p><p>Since I'm in a hurry, I'll give an abridged description.</p><p>Kurns Tower was used by the Iksar Empire to torture and kill all of their most hated enemies. The tower used to be 4 stories high, but the top floor collapsed, and only 2 and a half floors are available now. Down below in the Cave of Wishes, the Burynai inhabit the underground in a temple dedicated to Innoruuk.</p><p>Kurn himself was one of Venril Sathir's most loyal subjects. He was obsessed with torture. Not wanting to fill the city with the screams and tortured cries of his enemies, he ordered the construction of the tower.</p><p>His obsessive nature lead to the tower's downfall. One night, while engaged in the torture of his most prized subject, a prisoner managed to escape to the deepest part of a dungeon and dig a tunnel to freedom. Unfortunately for both Kurn and that prisoner, he opened up a passageway to the burynai race. </p><p>They were enraged by the discovery of this tower. They felt it threatened their entire way of life. Within days, they raided the tower and quickly took it over. Kurn himself was captured, and the only thing that spared him from an execution was a burynai tribal elder who found interest in his torture devices. It would be over a year later that Kurn would eventually die from the torture. He was ressurected by that disapointed tribal elder as an undead servant. Now, the undead remnants of Kurn lurk in the innermost depths of his dungeon, existing only with the savage will to torment any that enter the confines of his chamber.</p></blockquote>dam,  I want to see this zone opened soon.

Mayl
04-16-2008, 01:10 PM
<p>I wonder how the lore will fit with this, when it opens.   Kurn's was a lower level dungeon in eq1.   </p><p>It was ok there. I mean, had some room to work and few groups could work it and not be on top of each other.. Some nasty trains from the basement always ran over folks soloing the zone line.    Worse was the folks that go afk outside and be trained by mobs from below <img src="/smilies/3b63d1616c5dfcf29f8a7a031aaa7cad.gif" border="0" alt="SMILEY" /></p><p>Anyway, guess they can just say it was cracked during the Rendering and upgrade the mob levels and add a few things.  Unrest was not the level now that is was in eq1. so guess it happens.</p>

Cusashorn
04-16-2008, 03:48 PM
<cite>Mayl wrote:</cite><blockquote><p>I wonder how the lore will fit with this, when it opens.   Kurn's was a lower level dungeon in eq1.   </p><p>It was ok there. I mean, had some room to work and few groups could work it and not be on top of each other.. Some nasty trains from the basement always ran over folks soloing the zone line.    Worse was the folks that go afk outside and be trained by mobs from below <img src="/eq2/images/smilies/3b63d1616c5dfcf29f8a7a031aaa7cad.gif" border="0" alt="SMILEY<img src="/smilies/3b63d1616c5dfcf29f8a7a031aaa7cad.gif" border="0" alt="SMILEY" />" width="15" height="15" /></p><p>Anyway, guess they can just say it was cracked during the Rendering and upgrade the mob levels and add a few things.  Unrest was not the level now that is was in eq1. so guess it happens.</p></blockquote>Monster levels are game mechanics. Do you really think the level 100 giant rats that live in Nektropos Castle as part of the Craftsmen stage of the Tradeskill Epic would really be powerful enough to destroy a level 86 dragon? No matter how giant the rat is, it's still just a rat...

DragonMaster2385
04-16-2008, 05:03 PM
I agree.  Just because locations resemble one another doesn't mean that the levels do as well.  As far as training goes, every zone line was a training problem in EQ1, so I don't expect to encounter any problems like that with this new zone.

Zabjade
04-16-2008, 07:02 PM
<span style="color: #00cc00;">I want a Scalable Solo/group/raid choice dungeon with the solo with lots of puzzles and Juicy lore, <b>you know</b>, t<u>he stuff you don't have time for in group or Raid content</u>. </span><img src="/eq2/images/smilies/8a80c6485cd926be453217d59a84a888.gif" border="0" alt="SMILEY" width="15" height="15" />

Dreyco
04-16-2008, 08:43 PM
<a href="http://archiveofik.guildportal.com/Guild.aspx?GuildID=90741&TabID=785899&Article=20649#Library" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">And here would be some information on Kurn himself!</a>

Cusashorn
04-16-2008, 08:49 PM
<cite>Dreyco wrote:</cite><blockquote><a rel="nofollow" href="http://archiveofik.guildportal.com/Guild.aspx?GuildID=90741&TabID=785899&Article=20649#Library" target="_blank">And here would be some information on Kurn himself!</a></blockquote><p>errmm.. Thats actually what the Maps of Myrist states, like I posted above. I just left out the unimportant details to shorten it up.</p><p>It's too bad he wasn't a mob in EQlive though. I don't remember seeing him anywhere in there.</p>

Meirril
04-16-2008, 09:54 PM
<p>So, in 500 years the Bunyai restored the tower obviously. It certainly isn't a broken 2 story tower now. Heck, I think it has more than 4 floors now! Either that or its built to accomidate giants on stilts.</p><p>I've been looking forward to the tower being opened. I really expected it to happen along with epic weapons. I was realy suprised when it didn't happen.</p>

Cusashorn
04-16-2008, 09:59 PM
<cite>Meirril wrote:</cite><blockquote><p>So, in 500 years the Bunyai restored the tower obviously. It certainly isn't a broken 2 story tower now. Heck, I think it has more than 4 floors now! Either that or its built to accomidate giants on stilts.</p><p>I've been looking forward to the tower being opened. I really expected it to happen along with epic weapons. I was realy suprised when it didn't happen.</p></blockquote>The exterior of the tower hasn't changed since EQlive. It was only collapsed inside the zone itself. We have yet to see if they did restore it or not.

Keikoku
04-17-2008, 02:15 AM
Taken from <a href="http://www.eqatlas.com/kunark/kurnstower.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">here: </a>The history of Kurn's Tower is a convoluted one. The tower is named after Kurn Machta, a warlord of the Sebilisian empire during Rile's reign. Rile's son, Atrebe, performed many experiments on various creatures within Kurn's Tower, eventually resulting in the creation of the Sarnak race. Now, however, the remains of the temple are haunted by the creatures destroyed in those experiments, and the burynai are using their necromantic powers to slowly reclaim the Tower.That was all I knew about Kurn's.  Thanks and lets keep this coming. =)<a href="http://www.eqatlas.com/kunark/kurnstower.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"></a>

Sylaz
04-17-2008, 05:29 AM
I'm just hoping whatever they do, they keep the hidden "safe" room on the first floor in. That was one of my favorite hangout spots in EQ1. It was a nice quiet place to talk with my guild, and if I got bored I could farm bone chips for a while.Or hide around the corner and scare newbs who ran in and thought they had gotten away from the mobs... <img src="/eq2/images/smilies/908627bbe5e9f6a080977db8c365caff.gif" border="0" alt="SMILEY" width="15" height="15" />

teddyboy4
04-17-2008, 06:33 PM
<cite>digitalbandit wrote:</cite><blockquote>Taken from <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.eqatlas.com/kunark/kurnstower.html" target="_blank">here: </a>The history of Kurn's Tower is a convoluted one. The tower is named after Kurn Machta, a warlord of the Sebilisian empire during Rile's reign. Rile's son, Atrebe, performed many experiments on various creatures within Kurn's Tower, eventually resulting in the creation of the Sarnak race. Now, however, the remains of the temple are haunted by the creatures destroyed in those experiments, and the burynai are using their necromantic powers to slowly reclaim the Tower.That was all I knew about Kurn's.  Thanks and lets keep this coming. =)<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.eqatlas.com/kunark/kurnstower.html" target="_blank"></a></blockquote>I don't know where that story came from, but I had never heard of Artrebe having anything to do w/ Kurn's tower, least of all as the tower being the settings for his creation of the Sarnak. Ganak was killed in battle in the skies over the tower w/ Jaled'dar,  and Venril was known to send many prisoners to the tower to be interrogated and tortured, but I had never heard that story about Atrebe.The Burynai have held sway over the tower since the days of EQ. As Cusa posted above, and taken from the Maps of Myrist (the "real" EQ Atlas), one of Kurn's prisoners escaped and ran down into the basement and tried to dig his way out. Unluckily for him he dug right into a nest of Burynai. The Burynai swarmed the tower, taking it over, torturing and killing Kurn and other inhabitants of the tower, only to resurrect them to torture them some more. That was the state of the tower when it was rediscovered by adventurers in EQ. The Burynai leader, a powerful Shaman, built a temple to Innoruuk in the bowels of the tower that contained some sort of powerful gem. I wouldn't be surprised in the least to find some very formidable Burynai and undead creatures in that tower when we find a way in, and I can't freakin wait.

Jindrack
04-17-2008, 07:05 PM
Atrebe did most of his work out of his labs in Kor-sha.  The creation of Sarnak and sokokar among the things he developed there.

KBern
04-18-2008, 10:40 AM
Is this same Dominus Atrebe that walks the path in KP near the Fens zone in?

DMIstar
04-18-2008, 10:59 AM
The Wealthy Merchant Iksar was the haggle baron, with ties over to dalnirs.. Kurns was Built for a warlord..But I remember reading throught strange lore about the place... Lots of things where just misleading or not done .. AKA the glowing Iksar Skull quest. and what was up withe the small burynia running around upstairs ? and also have Iksar Jester Roaming the bottms levels... Nonetheless here are some excerpts from Iksar Backstory:And, in KunarkTonight, Vanusk sat in silence until I asked him to continue. He wanted to know what we had learned. When we started to recite the tales back to him, he silenced us and asked again what we had learned. The Bane's leader ventured a guess and told him that the only constants seem to be struggle, death, war and deceit. He pulled back the edges of his mouth in what must have been an Iksar smile and said, "As goes Norrath, so goes Kunark. Now, you are ready to learn of my land."He sat back, leaning his strong tail against the railing of our ship and looked south. "Since the beginning," he said, "Kunark has suffered under the shadow of the wurm." His fantastic tale continued over the last days of our sea journey.Shissar KingdomWhile the dragons took centuries to grow and organize, a race of intelligent snake men - the Shissar - assumed the forefront. The Shissar were a brutal race who enslaved the Iksar, using Vanusk's ancestors for workers and food. From their capital of Chelsith in what is now The Overthere, they explored dark rites and forgotten evils which would lay the foundation for much of Iksar knowledge and philosophy.As learned from the rest of Norrath, nothing is permanent. Eventually, the Shissar angered even their own gods. A horrible plague destroyed many Shissar; however, the Iksar survived unscathed.Iksar Nation Over the next several centuries, the Iksar grew to greatness on the buried ashes of their former masters. They migrated outward across the continent of Kunark and formed five principal tribe-states: Kylong, Nathsar, Obulus, Jarsath and Kunzar. This last tribe-state was led by Venril Sathir, a young and powerful warrior-mage, who raised an unyielding army of undead with the assistance of dark magic.Sathir and his Kunzar armies conquered and annexed the remaining tribe-states under his rule as the first King of Sebilis, the renamed Iksar nation. In order to build his Sebilisan Empire, Sathir brutally captured and enslaved the Hill Giants, Forest Giants and Froglok of Kunark. Throughout Sathir's life, the Sebilisan Empire quickly grew in might, power and grandeur.The Rule of RileKing Sathir aged but, of course he did not want to die.To cheat death, he made an unholy pact with Innoruuk to rise, undead and immortal. Rile, Sathir's heir, had other plans and thwarted the ritual. Sathir's soul was trapped inside an amulet that was hidden away as Rile cremated his father's body.Rile assumed the throne; however, little changed in the kingdom. The son of Sathir seized more valuable land and his ruthless reputation increased under the terrors of his warlords: Kurn Machta and Karatukus and the vampire, Chosooth. By the time these warlords finished, most of the continent definitely belonged to Sebilis ... all but a few pockets of Giants and Dragons.The Ring of ScaleThe Iksar had left the Dragon lands alone, but their threat was easy to see. The Dragon lords convened the Ring of Scale and argued about how to proceed. Trakanon, a poison dragon, advocated swift intervention on behalf of all races against the Iksar. However, Trakanon was voted down and the Ring of Scale decided to intervene only indirectly.Trakanon and a number of the younger dragons decided more direct action was required. They conjured a squall at sea that destroyed Rile's warship while the King was on board. This action triggered a spectacular war among the Dragons that lasted for almost a half century. Since the Ring of Scale was, in all likelihood, responsible for the capture of our companion, we were understandably curious to learn as much as we could. Vanusk answered only one question with, "There are lesser dragons that fly across Norrath and pluck candidates for slavery to the Ring of Scale."Atrebe's Iksar EmpireAtrebe, Rile's first-hatched son, then became King. This young Iksar was different from his father. He was reclusive and enamored of the dark arts. All feared his use of the evil magic of the Shissar and his grandfather, Sathir. His foul experiments joined a dragon with an Iksar, creating the Sarnak, a race of intelligent Dragon-men. He also joined a Dragon with a Froglok, creating flying mounts for his armies, the Sokokar. On these flying beasts, the Iksar were deadly. Soon, only the hardiest Dragonkind stood unconquered by the Sebilisan Empire.Iksar vs. The Ring of ScaleOver the next half century, Dragonkind struggled against the Iksars' airborne army. Atrebe was succeeded by his son, Ganak, a most capable warrior. The war ended inconclusively over the Field of Bone with aerial duel between Ganak on his Sokokar mount and Jaled-Dar, then leader of the Ring of Scale. Both were incinerated by magic and fire.The Dragons retreated. But, not before destroying the imperial palace and all Ganak's hatchlings in a daring final blaze of revenge.The Emerald CircleInstead of a new king, the Iksar nobles created the Emerald Circle, a body of five nobles who wisely worked to enhance the Iksar cities and trade, rebuild the navy, and return prosperity to the empire. Unfortunately, whenever the ambitions of rulers are involved, strife soon follows and the empire was ultimately divided into the original five tribal-states. Even that treaty was soon forgotten, as the tribes began to wrestle for supremacy over each other. Unbeknownst to the Iksar, the Ring of Scale had also rebuilt and was meddling in every alliance and affair, pitting the tribal-states one against another.The End of the Sebilisan EmpireThe slaves revolted in Sebilis. Goblin lords from Faydwer invaded Kunark. The Giants mustered an army and destroyed the warlord outposts before they attacked the cities. The final destructive attack on the Iksar came when Trakanon and his Dragon allies descended on what was left of the Iksar cities and reduced them to ashes and ruins. The grand Sebilisan Empire was no more. Free from Iksar restraints and rule, all the other races established themselves and began warring amongst themselves in their lust for domination.Two last warnings came from Vanusk as we bedded down for the evening. Our new friend told us that the undead King Venril Sathir had indeed been brought back into existence and ruled in Karnor, in The Dreadlands, a place he recommended we avoid. The second warning was to avoid the Frontier Mountains. That foul [Removed for Content] race, the Sarnak, had set up outposts there to breed Goblin and Froglok slaves.And now, the hour grows late. My notes are complete and I have prepared a new parchment to record upcoming events in our journey. I pray that Rallos Zek guide our will and that Vanusk will agree to guide our way to these mountains of Veeshan's children.

DMIstar
04-18-2008, 11:02 AM
This is the actuall <B.T.> Time Line Before turmoil .. This is neither A.G or A.N. but can be converted easily enough with time... I'm still looking for more kor-sha in EQ lore =PThese scrolls were passed to me, and thus it is I pass them on to you in hopes you make use of this knowledge. So much lust for treasure these days....Norrath is corrupt with greed and it sickens even my own tainted heart to see it so. Read this ancient lore....it will aid you in some way. I discovered an old book sealed with a symbol similar to that of the Sathir's own,long ago while exploring the libraries of Kaesora. Within this tomb is documented history the likes few have seen. Of note....was this....-2312 - 2813: Rise of the Shissar Kingdom. The Shissir were a race of intelligent snake men which colonized and ruled what is now the Overthere. Their dark capital was Chelsith, overlooking the cliffs on the sea. The Shissar nation grew slowly and to prominence as they explored dark rites and forgotten evils, and would lay the foundation for much of Iksar knowledge and philosophy. They enslaved the Iksar and used them as workers and food. The Shissir’s brutal disloyalty and blasphemous pride angered even their own gods. A great plague arose in the empire called the Green Death and washed over the kingdom in just a year. So fierce was the plague that no Shissar is known to have survived it. The Iksar were immune, and rose from the ashes to migrate outward across the continent, forming five principal tribe-states over the next several centuries. A new city was slowly erected over the first ruins of Chelsith, ruins that today still exist below the earth hiding forbidden evils and dark magic powerful from an age before time. -2113 : A shaman Iksar necromancer named Kotiz converses with the lesser god Zebuxoruk, and in exchange for 100 intelligent sacrifices, reveals to him battle knowledge which is inscribed in the unholy book of Zebuxoruk The book disappears upon Kotiz’s death. -1999 : A young and powerful warrior-mage of the Kunzar tribe rises to train the Kunzar to unbelievable levels of combat prowess. Coded in the ancient book of Zebuxoruk, and deciphered by Venril, advanced war techniques are implemented, and armies of dead are animated and bent to his will. His Kunzar armies march North and West with unyielding fury. -1999 - -1989 : The War of Joining. Sathir’s troops conquer and annex the remaining four Iksar tribe-states, Kylong, Nathsar, Obulus, and Jarsath. Sathir becomes the first king of the new Iksar empire Sebilis and heralds in an era of magnificent empire building. The old Kunzar city of Sebilis becomes the new imperial capitol and Innoruuk is the deity of the state. -1988 - -1985 : First Slaves’ War. Sathir’s troops crush and enslave the hill giants, forest giants and Froglok in a sweeping campaign of carnage. He orders the construction of naval shipyards at Viesar and Danak. Newly acquired giant and Froglok slaves are put to work, erecting powerful monuments and cites in the name of the Sebilsian Empire. -1984 : Trade begins with other continents. Sathir’s navy is immune to piracy because of its potency. He also uses the same to plunder the hapless vessels of other nations when he pleases. The cities of Charasis, Torsis, and Sebilis grow in might, power, and grandeur. -1950 : An aging Sathir seeks to cheat death, and makes an unholy pact with Innoruuk. The weak and sick of the Empire are routinely sacrificed to swell Innoruuk’s Cauldron of Souls. Sathir is given the knowledge of lichdom, and prepares an amulet into which he siphons his soul. It is to be placed in his corpse upon his own suicide, and after dark rites performed by loyal initiates, Sathir hopes to rise again as an immortal undead king. However, his first son Rile, heir apparent to the throne, learns of his father’s plans and interrupts the ritual, rendering it a failure. The priests rescue the amulet and speed it away. Rile destroys Sathir’s body and assumes the throne. The amulet is hidden in the crypts of Charasis, where a new dark cult forms dedicated to reviving Venril’s soul once again. The cult is named the Arisen. -1941 : Rile continues the same egomaniacal empire-building strategy that his father began. He leads a vast army against the mountain giants at Konikor, seizing the most productive mine on the continent in the Battle of Konikor. The mountain giants are enslaved and forced East to erect monuments of power for the Sebilisian Empire. -1936 : Rile orders the construction of a tower stronghold in the North Wood (now Warslik’s Wood). He assigns his trusted general Kurn Machta to oversee its construction and to be its lord. Kurn settles into his duty with fervor, slaughtering and torturing all who would oppose the Empire. This hated warlord swells the ranks of slaves in the East with fresh bodies monthly as he butchers and enslaves giant after giant. -1930 : The Council of the Hammer is formed by Karatukus (ancestor of Warslik), a great and wise forest giant. The Council brings the formally warring giant races together to form a united front against the Iksar with limited success. -1925 : Rile orders the construction of a southern stronghold similar to Korn’s Tower. The tower is named The Kurn, and is overseen by the vampire Iksar named Chosooth. Chosooth assails the giants from his nearly invincible fortress, and after they fall before his Iksar and undead hordes, he animates the giants to form an undead giant battalion of immense power. Rile is pleased. Most of the continent definitely belongs to Sibilis. Only the dragons and pockets of mountain and forest giant resistance remain unconquered. -1918 : The Ring of Scale meets in secret, and the dragon lords argue about the impending Iksar threat. Trakanon advocates powerful direct and immediate intervention on behalf of all the races against the Iksar. He is denounced by Jaled-dar, leader of the Ring. Trakanon does not give up, and slowly gains support among the younger dragonkind. The Ring of Scale rules to intervene against the Iksar only indirectly. -1915 : Rile sets out to attack kingdoms on Faydwer, taking great naval vessels to the north. His campaigns are successful and he is able to plunder at will. -1906 : A great squall arises at sea and shatters the Sbilisian navy. The king’s own warship, Fetid Plank, is lost with all hands. News of Rile’s demise brings great mourning in the Empire by the Iksar. His first son Atrebe assumes the imperial throne. The dragon Trakanon is rumored to have been behind this alleged ‘squall’ at sea, and it was indeed he and his dragon allies who sank the armada. The Ring of Scale is outraged and Jaled-dor orders the punishment of the dragons involved. -1907 - -1857 : The Insurrection of the Younger begins, a civil war of the dragonkind. The younger dragons face the elder in a contest of wills, magic, and might. Every so often a great clash can be seen from the sky, from which flaming shredded massive corpses rain down upon the mountains with the crash of thunder. It is a dark time for the children of Veeshan. -1889 : Atrebe delves heavily into the elder magic of the Shissar and of his grandfather. He is reclusive and mysterious, and all fear him. He uses his dark powers to conduct foul experiments in his mountain workshop of Kor-sha. -1882 : Atrebe successfully magically melds a captured dragon with an Iksar, creating a new and horrid race of intelligent dragon-men which he names the Sarnak. He breeds them quickly and secretly, bending and training them to his maniacal will. -1866 : Atrebe successfully magically melds a dragon with a Froglok, creating a new avian mount for his armies. Fiercely loyal and deadly in the attack, Atrebe breeds them in earnest. He names this new monstrosity the Sokokar. -1860 : Atrebe’s newly trained air force descends upon the remaining giant strongholds in a massive campaign of conquest lasting just a year. In the end, the Iksar are victorious, conquering mines and cities and enslaving the last of the mighty giants. Now only the dragonkind stand unconquered by the mighty Sibilisan Empire. -1857 : The Insurrection of the Younger ends with the older dragons winning the war. Trakanon and his followers are placed in stasis and banished to a magical prison in which they are doomed to oblivion for 600 years. The Ring of Scale then works to subvert the Iksarians indirectly through agents, magic, and division. -1856 : Atrebe perishes in one of his own foul rituals gone bad. His workshop and most of the mountain that contained it is destroyed in a blast of black-green fire. His third son and lead general, Ganak, acts quickly to assassinate his brothers and rises undisputed to the throne of Sebilis. -1856 onward : Climatic changes begin to reshape parts of the continent. Earthquakes occur more often than ever. Winds increase in the lands north of the Great Swamp, and the land becomes more and more barren and desert-like. Land rises on the south side of the Bay of the Moon, and the south entrance to the sea is narrowed. Viesar and Danak suffer great earthquake damage as well. -1850 - -1796 : A fifty-four year war erupts between the dragonkind and the Iksar, when Atrebe attacks the Ring of Scale with all the might of his airforce. His first victories are decisive, but he awakens a sleeping fury in the dragonkind, and many an Iksar town and city are laid waste by powerful dragon fire and elder magic. In the end, Ganak clashes in the sky above the Field of Bone with Jaled-dar, leader of the Ring of Scale. In a mighty clash, they are both incinerated by magic and fire and explode into flaming chunks which rain down upon the land. The war is inconclusive, but the Ring of Scale is smashed and broken, and the dragons retreat from their relentless hunters. The Iksar are quick to rebuild from the devastation using all the might of their slave labor. Ganak is hailed as a great hero, and his death is mourned for years to come. His only son and successor, Chottal, rises to take his father’s place on the imperial throne. -1795 : In a final blaze of revenge, a horde of dragons attacks the imperial palace by night, destroying it and the king. Only a handful of dragons escape with their lives, however, and they vow to return one day when the empire is weak. With no heir to the throne the Iksar nobles create the Emerald Circle, which will rule in the stead of a king. -1795 - -1525 : The Emerald Circle of nobles rules the Empire with total authority. Cities are enhanced and trade is expanded. The navy is rebuilt and prosperity returns to the empire. -1524 : Arguments over land and influence escalate to a fervorish pitch within the Emerald Circle. With no enemies left to vanquish, the Iksar nobles turn on each other, and the Empire is split asunder into five great states, each based upon the ancient tribal divisions of the Iksar themselves. -1523 - -1296 : Over two hundred years of civil war wrack the continent, as noble families and merchant houses wage war after war against their neighbors, each seeking to gain the upper hand and claim the title of emperor. The Ring of Scale has its agents meddle in every alliance and affair, always pitting the lords against one another. -1296 : Great earthquakes once again rock the continent. Viesar drops into the Lake of the Moon and is lost utterly. Danak is slit asunder and half of it slides into the sea. The naval forces and merchant vessels of the states are destroyed in one day as massive tidal waves wash over ports and vessels alike. Cities are rocked by the quakes and commerce is disrupted. Starvation and want begin to spread across the empire. The End Days begin. -1295 : The Iksar try desperately to rebuild, but starving Froglok and giant slaves begin to revolt. The Iksar are unorganized and desperately struggle to keep their minions in line. A Sledge merchant brings a wealthy haul of items to the Arisen. They discover one of the items is the pendant of Rile found in the north sea. The Arisen believe if they can find the bones of Rile, they may be able to resurrect Sathir using the amulet. Their plans never come to fruition, however. -1294 : All the slave races of the Iksar are in full revolt. Even the Sarnak turn against their masters. Cities burn and war is waged across the continent. -1294 - -1257 : Goblin lords in Faydwer hear of the calamities and begin shipping invading troops to Kunark to pillage the land. Kurn’s Tower is smashed and broken by an army of giants led by the massive mountain giant Warslik. The Karnor is smashed to ruins by forest and hill giant forces. The cities of the Iksar are assaulted and burned. The Iksar flee in terror to the forests and jungles where they are hunted down like dogs. -1256 : Trakanon and his dragon allies burst free from their 600 year imprisonment. Trakanon and his forces descend upon the weeping cities of the Iksar and reduce them to ash and ruins. Clouds of poison float through the streets of city after city, slaying any remaining Iksar. They breath fire upon the West Wood (now the Burning Wood) and set it ablaze, covering most of the continent with the haze of smoke which dims the sun for the better part of the year. Crops fail across the land and starvation kills more than the wars ever did. After a year of dragon devastation, it is clear that the Sibilisian Empire is no more. -1257 : The bones of the Iksar and other slain creatures are gathered and spread across the Field of Bone by Trakanon and his followers as a permanent warning to any who would seek to fill the shoes of the Iksar. The Ring of Scale reforms about Jaled-dar’s daughter Phara-dar. They demand an end to the destruction lest the continent itself be ripped apart. Trakanon refuses to rest until death and vows to stand watch over the Iksar that if ever they should rise again, he would be there to smash them down. He takes of residence in the council chambers of Sibilis and remains there still to this day. His young followers rejoin their brethren in the Ring of Scale lest they be banished again or slain outright. -1256 - -752 : Over the next 500 years, the other races begin to build new cities and cultures and intercontinental trade begins once again. The goblins dig in the northwest, multiplying and raiding the giants and remaining Iksar. They establish mines and armies, claiming the land for themselves. The giants return to bickering among themselves, with alliances constantly shifting so as to keep the balance of power between them. The Froglok return to their home in the Great Swamp, to their city of Krup. The Sokokar forget their training and domestication, and become the foremost hunters of the Iksar in the Emerald Jungle. The dragons retreat to secrecy and seclusion, to once again pull the invisible strings of fate from afar. The Sarnak hide in Trakanon’s Teeth, and begin to slowly and secretly build cities and mines, and to train for the day when they would take the place of the Iksar as masters of the continent. Smashed and broken, the remaining Iksar fall back into a tribal existence, scraping out a life of hardship and torment in the Emerald Jungle and the forests. -752 : A sledge explorer searches the ancient wreckage of the fleet which sank at sea under the leadership of Rile long ago. He discovers the corpse of Rile draped in jewelry and takes it whole as a trophy. -701 : The corpse of Rile is sold to a goblin king, Kaboktok, who places it in his throne room for all to see. He claims it was his goblin ancestor who slew Emperor Rile at sea. -622 : The mountain giant king, Farslik, descendant of Warslik, descends upon a rich goblin city. The mountain giants, with the aid of frost giants, capture the city-mine. Farslik takes the bones of Rile as a souvenir. -546 : For the first time, the Sarnak venture out into the ruins of the Iksar cities. Few return, but those who do possess priceless scrolls dealing in dark rituals and forbidden magic. The Sarnak begin to explore dark magic themselves, finding they have an uncanny knack for its use. -491 : The goblins mount an all out offensive on Konikor, sacking it for all its worth. Part of the bounty are the bones of Rile, which are sold to an Iksar merchant who then travels east. The mountain giants retake Konikor that same year. -483 : The merchant (whose name is Vlistis) sells the bones of Rile to the descendents of the Cult of the Arisen. They take the bones to Charasis and begin to search for the Amulet of Sathir in the wreckage, hoping that by bringing the soul of the father into the body of the son that they may perhaps bring back the first king of Sebilis.

DMIstar
04-18-2008, 11:02 AM
-433 : Fifty years of searching finally reveals the Amulet and dark rites are performed upon it and the bones of Rile. Nothing happens and the cult members believe they have failed utterly. They leave the bones of Rile on an altar beneath the ruins of Charasis. -389 : The Sarnak, hungry for more dark knowledge, journey into Charasis to loot its ancient tombs. A priest in the group find the scrolls the cult was using and in the presence of the bones of Rile unwittingly completes the ritual. Venril Sathir is sucked from his place of torment and after 1600 years is joined to the body of his backstabbing son. He rises from his bed-like altar and slays all the Sarnak. One of the Sarnak he transforms into a vampire, one that will loyally do his every bidding. -388 - -288 : For one hundred years, Venril Sathir travels among the ruined cities of the Iksar, collecting what remnants of power he can, and building about him an army of the dead. He travels west and seduces goblin and giants lords alike with promises of immortality and untold power. -222 : Venril establishes himself in the Dreadlands and begins to rebuild the shattered ruins of the Karnor. His minions raid caravans for weapons and supplies, and he begins to build expeditionary forces. He magically perverts some of the mortals to make a legion of lycanthropes, led by Thuuga, a wizard Iksar serpent changer. -175 : The giants meet in the council and decide to unite against an unknown enemy in Karnor, whose horrid legions are pillaging their cities and caravans. The goblins are asked to join to stomp out this new presence in the Dreadlands, and agree to do so for a price. They would receive Konikor, the richest mine in the world as their own. The giants agree and an assault is planned. The dragons are the ones to leak information to both sides that this threat in the Dreadlands must be stopped, fearing themselves that this unseen force may be an Iksar wizard of reborn power. The dragons also convince Thuuga that Sathir believes the lycanthropes are expendable and untrustworthy, and that he will eliminate them soon. Thuuga secretly joins the Alliance of the Stone against the undead. -172 : The Alliance of Stone (giants and goblins) descend unwittingly upon the Karnor. Venril is alerted to the attack before it occurs, however, by an agent of the Ring of Scale. The battle lasts for an entire year, and in the end, Sathir’s forces are crushed and driven back, most decisively by the betrayal of his lycanthrope troops. He takes refuge in the Bile, at an outpost he names Varis. -171 : Agents of the dragon council convince the goblins that the giants have no intention of giving up Konikor (which was untrue). They council the goblins to sneak attack and take it by force while it is weak. At the same time, agents of the council advise the giants that the goblins intent to take Konikor in battle and other mines as well. The dragons’ plans work, and war ensues. -171 - -142 : A thirty year war is fought between the giants and the goblins, called the War of Lies (in that each side believes the other to be liars). It ends in a stalemate, with very heavy casualties on all sides. The giants retain control of Konikor. -132 : The Sarnak establish outposts in the Frontier Mountains and being to capture Sokokar young and train them as battle attack dogs. -130 : One of the members of the Ring of Scale disappears over Trakanon’s Teeth. Trakanon is implicated, however no evidence can be found. In fact, it was the Sarnak testing their prowess in combat against their dragon ancestors. -101 : The Sarnak invade and conquer two small goblin mines in the Frontier Mountains. The giants take once again to squabbling amongst themselves. The Sarnak begin to breed Goblin and Froglok slaves. -50 : The first landing by elves is made at what is now Firiona Vie. The elves are slain within the year by Froglok raids. Venril Sathir relocates back to the Karnor and begins to rebuild once more, only more quietly. He rousts the lycanthropes from Karnor into the wilds of the Dreadlands. He begins to animate an army of the dead once again. -25 : Again, elves land in Firiona Vie. This time they are able to resist the Frogloks. However, the swamp and hill giants see them as a threat and descend upon Firiona Vie in force. All the elves are slain save for a few who escape back to the sea. Sathir re-establishes his outpost at Varis as a lookout to the East. He sends his best lieutenant to the lost city of Kaesora in the Field of Bone. -2 : The elves land once again in Firiona Vie in force. A fort is erected and the giants are too busy squabbling amongst themselves to notice. The Froglok raid continually, but are unable to breach the elves’ defenses. -1 : Adventurers, mercenaries and frontiersmen arrive at Firiona Vie. They are elven, human, and dwarven. The growing town is fortified further and begins trade with a more peaceful hill giant tribe in the Dreadlands. They lyncathropes form an uneasy alliance with the hill giants of the region to suppress the rapidly growing power of Venril Sathir at Karnor. Sathir sends an agent that appears to the Sarnak as one of their own and within one year is elected to the king’s council. There he begins to subvert the Sarnak to his own designs, convincing them to eliminate the Ring of Scale altogether. The dragons’ agent in the council mysteriously vanishes one night, never to be seen again (assassinated by Sathir’s agent Korucust). 0 : Present

Keikoku
04-19-2008, 06:01 AM
<cite>Jindrack wrote:</cite><blockquote>Atrebe did most of his work out of his labs in Kor-sha.  The creation of Sarnak and sokokar among the things he developed there.</blockquote>Allahkazam for EverQuest also has the same description for Kurn's Tower.  It seems to be the popular theory in EQL.  Did Atrebe not do anything there?  I think the lore behind KT is so interesting, because there are so many different versions of history.  This is fun, because we all know history is written in the perspective of whoever is writing it. 

Cusashorn
04-19-2008, 10:51 AM
<cite>digitalbandit wrote:</cite><blockquote><cite>Jindrack wrote:</cite><blockquote>Atrebe did most of his work out of his labs in Kor-sha.  The creation of Sarnak and sokokar among the things he developed there.</blockquote>Allahkazam for EverQuest also has the same description for Kurn's Tower.  It seems to be the popular theory in EQL.  Did Atrebe not do anything there?  I think the lore behind KT is so interesting, because there are so many different versions of history.  This is fun, because we all know history is written in the perspective of whoever is writing it.  </blockquote>If he did have any involvement in Kurn's Tower, then don't you think we would have seen evidence of his experiments? Skeletons of Sarnaks running around and such?

DMIstar
04-19-2008, 11:47 AM
Ok there are two towers. But one is completly gone.. which was alotted to chosooth... The one we are talking about is the tower alotted to Kurn Machta.. Which Rile Built for this Warlord.. Who then Decided to Torture everything he got his mits on from it sounds like..Atrebe didnt bother with Kurns, He did all his work over in Kor Sha, and his creations where made there. Ultimately He Blew himself up in there as welll. Which lead rise to his general Ganak Assumeing Emperor... If anything I would think Ganak dureing the time of atrebe leadership, would have been the one to use kurns tower for anything. But i remeber in the old days of EQ when roaming around there, People into lore where thinking there was possibilities that kurns /ghost or resurrection could be done.. Just never saw it in game. Other then a warlord who viciously tortured giants , we still don't know to much on him ;P

teddyboy4
04-19-2008, 04:26 PM
<cite>Istar@Mistmoore wrote:</cite><blockquote>Ok there are two towers. But one is completly gone.. which was alotted to chosooth... The one we are talking about is the tower alotted to Kurn Machta.. Which Rile Built for this Warlord.. Who then Decided to Torture everything he got his mits on from it sounds like..Atrebe didnt bother with Kurns, He did all his work over in Kor Sha, and his creations where made there. Ultimately He Blew himself up in there as welll. Which lead rise to his general Ganak Assumeing Emperor... If anything I would think Ganak dureing the time of atrebe leadership, would have been the one to use kurns tower for anything. But i remeber in the old days of EQ when roaming around there, People into lore where thinking there was possibilities that kurns /ghost or resurrection could be done.. Just never saw it in game. Other then a warlord who viciously tortured giants , we still don't know to much on him ;P</blockquote>Two towers?As far as I know, there has only been one tower on the site of what is now known as Kurn's Tower. It was built during the first Iksar Empire under Venril Sathir. Kurn was one of Venril's most loyal subjects, and his Chief Interrogator and Royal Executioner, and partly b/c of his loyalty, but mostly b/c Venril didn't want Sebilis to be filled w/ the screams of Kurn's victims, Venril ordered a tower built for Kurn where he could bring enemies of the empire to interrogate and torture in peace, and at his leisure.We don't exactly when the tower fell into the hands of the Burynai. But we do know that is was during the first empire, but not who was emperor when it fell. I can't imagine that Venril would have allowed someone as important, and loyal, to him as Kurn to be so easily taken and tortured, by a clan of Burynai no less. I would have to assume that the fall of Kurn, and his tower, would have been during the decline of the empire, but that seems like an awful long time for Kurn to stay in business. Do we know how long the first Iksarian empire lasted?  In any case, maybe it did fall during Venril's first reign and he was just occupied w/ other, more important things, like filling Innoruuks cauldron w/ souls so he could obtain the secret of Lichdom.

Apocroph
04-19-2008, 05:07 PM
<cite>Istar@Mistmoore wrote:</cite><blockquote>-1925 : Rile orders the construction of a southern stronghold similar to Korn’s Tower. The tower is named The Kurn, and is overseen by the vampire Iksar named Chosooth. Chosooth assails the giants from his nearly invincible fortress, and after they fall before his Iksar and undead hordes, he animates the giants to form an undead giant battalion of immense power. Rile is pleased. Most of the continent definitely belongs to Sibilis. Only the dragons and pockets of mountain and forest giant resistance remain unconquered. </blockquote>Kurn's is the second tower, built in the Field of Bone.  Korn's Tower (presumably the Tower of Kor Sha) is said (at entry 1936) to have been built in Warslik's Wood, which is actually west of Kurn's, not north.

DMIstar
04-19-2008, 05:14 PM
<cite>Eandiil@Lucan DLere wrote:</cite><blockquote><cite>Istar@Mistmoore wrote:</cite><blockquote>Ok there are two towers. But one is completly gone.. which was alotted to chosooth... The one we are talking about is the tower alotted to Kurn Machta.. Which Rile Built for this Warlord.. Who then Decided to Torture everything he got his mits on from it sounds like..Atrebe didnt bother with Kurns, He did all his work over in Kor Sha, and his creations where made there. Ultimately He Blew himself up in there as welll. Which lead rise to his general Ganak Assumeing Emperor... If anything I would think Ganak dureing the time of atrebe leadership, would have been the one to use kurns tower for anything. But i remeber in the old days of EQ when roaming around there, People into lore where thinking there was possibilities that kurns /ghost or resurrection could be done.. Just never saw it in game. Other then a warlord who viciously tortured giants , we still don't know to much on him ;P</blockquote>Two towers?As far as I know, there has only been one tower on the site of what is now known as Kurn's Tower. It was built during the first Iksar Empire under Venril Sathir. Kurn was one of Venril's most loyal subjects, and his Chief Interrogator and Royal Executioner, and partly b/c of his loyalty, but mostly b/c Venril didn't want Sebilis to be filled w/ the screams of Kurn's victims, Venril ordered a tower built for Kurn where he could bring enemies of the empire to interrogate and torture in peace, and at his leisure.We don't exactly when the tower fell into the hands of the Burynai. But we do know that is was during the first empire, but not who was emperor when it fell. I can't imagine that Venril would have allowed someone as important, and loyal, to him as Kurn to be so easily taken and tortured, by a clan of Burynai no less. I would have to assume that the fall of Kurn, and his tower, would have been during the decline of the empire, but that seems like an awful long time for Kurn to stay in business. Do we know how long the first Iksarian empire lasted?  In any case, maybe it did fall during Venril's first reign and he was just occupied w/ other, more important things, like filling Innoruuks cauldron w/ souls so he could obtain the secret of Lichdom.</blockquote>-1936 : Rile orders the construction of a tower stronghold in the North Wood (now Warslik’s Wood). He assigns his trusted general Kurn Machta to oversee its construction and to be its lord. Kurn settles into his duty with fervor, slaughtering and torturing all who would oppose the Empire. This hated warlord swells the ranks of slaves in the East with fresh bodies monthly as he butchers and enslaves giant after giant.

DMIstar
04-19-2008, 05:22 PM
Just to explain dates: FoB was not around In this time period, hence north wood was bigger. Cab wasnt even around. As well as the shifts in land didnt accurr in till later.. Alot changed dureing dragon/giant/goblin war while the iksar where running around hideing to stay alive

DMIstar
04-19-2008, 06:00 PM
Trying to scale back.. We always thought that korns tower was in or around dreadlands as a southern guard.. Rile Moved strategically fast back in his day, And He got off to haveing a fleet very fast.. Which had him takeing ventures of faydwer for pillageing/looting compaigns ...  There was dreadlands water spanses that would be easy to get into kunark through... OverthereNorthern WooddreadlandsFV.. The coast lines of OT and NW where connected but But FV stood out by itself ... Which is why elves only had trouble running into Giants/froglocks with this route.. It seemed the Goblins made way from the north when they came, considering the mines in WW. FM and the slow spread out progressionbut all speculation, nothing i found could be the ruins of the old korns tower.. I do not connect kor sha though to it.

teddyboy4
04-19-2008, 09:03 PM
<cite>Istar@Mistmoore wrote:</cite><blockquote><cite>Eandiil@Lucan DLere wrote:</cite><blockquote><cite>Istar@Mistmoore wrote:</cite><blockquote>Ok there are two towers. But one is completly gone.. which was alotted to chosooth... The one we are talking about is the tower alotted to Kurn Machta.. Which Rile Built for this Warlord.. Who then Decided to Torture everything he got his mits on from it sounds like..Atrebe didnt bother with Kurns, He did all his work over in Kor Sha, and his creations where made there. Ultimately He Blew himself up in there as welll. Which lead rise to his general Ganak Assumeing Emperor... If anything I would think Ganak dureing the time of atrebe leadership, would have been the one to use kurns tower for anything. But i remeber in the old days of EQ when roaming around there, People into lore where thinking there was possibilities that kurns /ghost or resurrection could be done.. Just never saw it in game. Other then a warlord who viciously tortured giants , we still don't know to much on him ;P</blockquote>Two towers?As far as I know, there has only been one tower on the site of what is now known as Kurn's Tower. It was built during the first Iksar Empire under Venril Sathir. Kurn was one of Venril's most loyal subjects, and his Chief Interrogator and Royal Executioner, and partly b/c of his loyalty, but mostly b/c Venril didn't want Sebilis to be filled w/ the screams of Kurn's victims, Venril ordered a tower built for Kurn where he could bring enemies of the empire to interrogate and torture in peace, and at his leisure.We don't exactly when the tower fell into the hands of the Burynai. But we do know that is was during the first empire, but not who was emperor when it fell. I can't imagine that Venril would have allowed someone as important, and loyal, to him as Kurn to be so easily taken and tortured, by a clan of Burynai no less. I would have to assume that the fall of Kurn, and his tower, would have been during the decline of the empire, but that seems like an awful long time for Kurn to stay in business. Do we know how long the first Iksarian empire lasted?  In any case, maybe it did fall during Venril's first reign and he was just occupied w/ other, more important things, like filling Innoruuks cauldron w/ souls so he could obtain the secret of Lichdom.</blockquote>-1936 : Rile orders the construction of a tower stronghold in the North Wood (now Warslik’s Wood). He assigns his trusted general Kurn Machta to oversee its construction and to be its lord. Kurn settles into his duty with fervor, slaughtering and torturing all who would oppose the Empire. This hated warlord swells the ranks of slaves in the East with fresh bodies monthly as he butchers and enslaves giant after giant.</blockquote>Where did you get that timeline and all the other stuff you posted in this thread? I'm just asking b/c there are a lot of inaccuracies, and that entry you quoted above here is wrong, unless Kurn Machta must be a different Kurn then the Kurn of THE Kurn's Tower. It's been established that Venril had Kurn's Tower built for his interrogator and executioner, Kurn. Kurn eventually lost control of the tower when an escaped prisoner tried digging his way out and it was taken over by the Burynai, who seem to have held it ever since.Maybe Rile had a tower built for a Warlord named Kurn Machta, but it wasn't THE Kurn's Tower that stands above the Field of Bone. Maybe the story you have there about Rile building the tower is fan fiction that somehow got mixed up and accepted as canon? The story about Kurn and his tower, and Venril building it was taken from the Maps of Myrist, so I'm just wondering the source of the Rile story.

DMIstar
04-19-2008, 10:50 PM
Its a compilation People did back in the day of the keasor book lines found scattered about. Most of it I was into cause back long ago we had realy thought there was a finished Greenmist quest line, that just nobody figured out.. Which utimately left me around the coffin the strange Skelly NPC sold in West Cab... Then they finally came out with the Greenmist quest =P.I have searched for Veneril sathirs dealings with kurns, But I cant find anything. I know its been hugely mixed with creations sarnak and sokakor and atrebe before.. Even the old Allakazams descriptions says that.. but never heard on Veneril in it though.. I can see kor sha mix up, Cause I can only find one referrence to it so far and thats above. We also had broken things in kurns as well.. The hollowed skull quest was one of them, There was another on the top of my mind as well.. but its been realy so long.... Hate to say it my favorite part of that zone was in the first stairs and down following the right corridor around and on the left was a small room that was glitched to where if you ran away from a mob into there, the mob would just stop at the door and stand there lol.. .you dont know how many times and how people sat there and just got ourselves trapped in there days on end =D.. hell furbies could still cast.. But any way im still searching.

DMIstar
04-19-2008, 10:59 PM
<i>Rile assumed the throne; however, little changed in the kingdom. The son of Sathir seized more valuable land and his ruthless reputation increased under the terrors of his warlords: Kurn Machta and Karatukus and the vampire, Chosooth. By the time these warlords finished, most of the continent definitely belonged to Sebilis ... all but a few pockets of Giants and Dragons</i>.This was character speak To The Strategy guid and Macintosh version of the game.

DMIstar
04-20-2008, 12:42 AM
Myrist says the same thing as above <a rel="nofollow" href="http://myrist.nsaguild.com/eq/index.php?content=kunark2.php" target="_blank">http://myrist.nsaguild.com/eq/index...ent=kunark2.php</a>seeing if that link works ... It might have been a typo in the book.. No Lie myrist had a ton of map inaccurasies to it. Some of it was funny to look at.. Alot wondered how it had so many in it ;/So Mryist Says the description for the zone, but on the regular lore section.. contradicts itself there... Myrist is the only lore piece that documents venril and tower kurn together.. Where as other Places such as in game and In guides its related to Rile's era .. I think "Veneril" sathir is the typo, I think myrist meant Rile Sathir. as one of his loyal subjects, for kurn was one of his trusted warlords.